I've had some customers recently asking about traditional patching techniques so I thought I would show this old handmade sample book from my collection. It seems to have been a high school project and has the name Kimiko Noda and her class number (2-2) very beautifully written by brush on the cover and the title Tsugikata Tsugikata - 'How to join(fabric). How to patch.' It's about 9cm x 14cm. Each sample piece has been stitched into the book with a single pine needle motif that allows you to see the reverse as well
Some of the seams might be a little difficult to see in the photos. The first is a 'folded back to one side join/seam'. This is a plain seam that has then been stitched down to one side with tiny stitches showing on the right side of the fabric (there are probably English names for these techniques - I'm sorry I don't know them!). The pictures show the front and then the reverse:
Next is a 'split seam' which is a regular seam with both sides stitched down:
The third seam is a 'kake-tsugi' which has simply been overstitched.
The next kasane-tsugi ('lie on top seam') has one piece flat on top of the other (rather than being stitched right sides together) and held with a running stitch:
Next is a 'face to face seam' which is like a tight herringbone variation:
The word for patch is also tsugi but with a different kanji character 繼to the tsugi which means seam 接. If you're interested in kanji you might note that the tsugi used to label the patch samples is the old unmodified version of the same character on the cover of the book 継 . The first patch is simply 'hole patch (circle)' :
And 'hole patch (square)':
Next is a 'key tear patch', (This is the same shape as the large keys which were poked through a hole in a door or gate to open the latch from the inside.)
The next is a 'sashi-tsugi' or stitched patch. This is the same 'sashi' as in sashiko'. This is a very common kind of darning that we often find on old kimono and juban:
I'm not sure why this final one is called 'coloured paper patch'. It's a slightly more decorative version of the previous one: